In this study, a theme analysis conducted to identify effective factor for engaging user to academic social network. Use and gratification theory was used as theoretical foundation for the study. To do this, in-depth interviews was conducted with 20 Research Gate user. Findings showed that seven factors include of communication, promotion of professional knowledge and identity, information seeking, awareness, social engagement, collaboration establishment as well as value creation, are affecting user engagement in Research Gate. Finding also indicated that users primarily seek information to enhance their professional identity; then they engage and use the Research Gate network in order to enrich their knowledge and professional identity, increase their academic collaborations, social engagements and communications with other researchers in their scientific community.

Purpose: Analyzing the Academic social networks of Knowledge Network field for drawing the intellectual and conceptual structure of this field. Design/ Methodology/ Approach: This research is applied research that has been done by academic social network analysis. performance analysis and science mapping methods are used to perform this research. in performance analysis, the index of frequency of citations was used and for science mapping uses Co-citation, Bibliographic coupling and Co-occurrence of keywords. We use VOSviewer for analyzing data. In this research, 1748 Article, Book chapter and Review of Knowledge Network field that indexed before 2021 in Web of Science Core Collection were analyzed. Research Findings: In addition to a comprehensive discussion on the concept of knowledge network, highlighting the relationship between knowledge network and other concepts, identifying research trends, and introducing significant works and resources in this field, the intellectual structure of knowledge network field was also drawn. Limitations & Consequences: The low presence of Iranian publications in the Web of Science database is a limitation of this research. This limitation makes it impossible to drawing the intellectual and conceptual structure of the university social network within the country. Practical Consequences: Knowledge Network has been applied in many areas and according to its role in Innovation, knowledge sharing, collaboration promotion, technology transfer, and etc. more attention to this field are needed. This study is a good guide for this purpose. Innovation or value of the Article: According to searches, this article is the first research that has drawn the intellectual and conceptual structure of the Knowledge Network field.

Extended Abstract Background: A spin-off is the separation of a subsidiary from its parent company to create a new entity. A situation where an employee or a group of employees leave the parent company and start a company independent of the parent company. A spin-off happens when a mature business, to achieve greater productivity and facilitate affairs, gives up part of its organization and creates an independent entity. Spin-offs are created for two main reasons, organizational entrepreneurship and giving opportunities to creative people in the organization to grow and reducing the management layers of an organization. In the context of academic entrepreneurship, the role of entrepreneurial orientation can be particularly important because academic spin-offs in the field of agriculture, due to their specific nature, may need to formulate entrepreneurial strategies to lead their innovations from the path of commercialization. In addition, agricultural academic spin-offs usually face highly uncertain and competitive environments where the focus is on discovering new opportunities and competitively developing innovations. Methods: The research method is causal and applied in terms of the purpose. Two researcher-made questionnaires with 30 and 34 items, respectively, and supplementary sources, such as annual reports prepared by incubators and technology parks, were used to collect data. The statistical population of the research was the founders and managers of academic spin-offs (ASOs) established in the last decade, in which 22 ASOs were selected as a sample. The structural equation model was used to study the relationships between variables and test the hypotheses. Results: Market networks and academic support networks had a positive effect on strengthening the entrepreneurial orientation of ASOs. The size and frequency of the academic support network had a positive and significant effect on entrepreneurial orientation, but the size and frequency of informal networks had no effect. Two models were considered to test the hypotheses. The first model includes only the control variables while the independent variables in the second model are considered to analyze the effect of such variables on the entrepreneurial orientation of ASOs in the field of agriculture. The first model showed that the control variables could explain 6.7% of the change in entrepreneurial orientation by agricultural ASOs. The size of the management team, the age of the ASO, and the size of the ASO had a positive effect on the manifestation of this strategic orientation. According to the hypothesis test, the results extracted from the second model first showed that neither the size of the informal network nor the frequency of the informal network has any effect on the entrepreneurial orientation of agricultural ASOs, contrary to the hypotheses of the study, as a result, rejecting both states a and b of the first hypothesis. Moreover, the size of the academic support network had a positive and significant effect on the entrepreneurial orientation of agricultural ASOs, confirming hypothesis 2a. In addition, similar results can be obtained regarding the analysis of the impact of the frequency of the university support network on the entrepreneurial orientation of agricultural ASOs because a significant and positive relationship was observed between the two variables. Therefore, this result supports hypothesis 2b. The second model also shows the existence of a very important and significant relationship between the size of the industrial network and the entrepreneurial orientation of agricultural ASOs. Conclusion: The management teams of agricultural ASOs strongly need the presence of industry actors because such representatives can provide the resources, skills, and knowledge necessary for agricultural ASOs. For this purpose, designing large industrial networks with many contacts is considered an effective way of working. In addition, the management teams of agricultural ASOs should not ignore the importance of resources, especially the links owned by university support institutions, and avoid such resources as much as possible. This is because the development and demonstration of entrepreneurial attitudes by agricultural ASOs seem to require a series of resources, abilities, and knowledge that are not available to such people. On the other hand, university support institutions should be aware of its importance as a facilitator, both direct and indirect, and a number of resources and information that seem critical to the entrepreneurial behavior of agricultural ASOs. In this regard, it is worth mentioning that university supporting institutions should play a fundamental role as facilitators of mutual understanding between academic entrepreneurs and industrial representatives, in addition to creating a suitable environment for establishing joint relations with agricultural ASOs. Agricultural ASOs can expand and strengthen trust among agents. For this purpose, it can be a good start to developing programs, activities, or workshops in which managers and representatives of ASOs from agricultural industrial fields can share experiences and mutual needs. Agricultural ASOs are an excellent choice for studying the network theory in practice due to their technological complexity, market dynamics, growth challenges, and changing directions. For this purpose, the present study in the framework of academic entrepreneurship in the field of agriculture expands the emerging research stream by focusing on the role of different types of networks on the behavior of ASOs. It also allows for standing out the relationship of the analysis of the impact of structural elements of networks on the performance of ASOs, where previous research has not addressed such relationships.

Social Network Sites (SNSs), as a tool for conveying educational messages, have a high position in the agricultural education system. The use of SNSs can affect different aspects of the educational system. Numerous studies have examined the relationship between the use of SNSs and various variables of educational system outputs. This study seeks to identify the factors affecting the educational use of social media and academic performance of agricultural students. The statistical population was 111, 528 students of public agricultural colleges across the country in the academic year 2018-2019, of which 400 students were selected from eight universities in the country using Morgan table and multi-stage random sampling method. Data were collected by a researcher-made questionnaire using Likert Scale whose morphological validity was confirmed by a number of professors in the field of agricultural extension and Persian literature, and its content validity was confirmed by Average Variance Extracted (AVE between 0. 64 and 0. 73 for different variables) and reliability was confirmed using sequental theta (Ɵ between 0. 85 and 0. 92 for different variables). To investigate the effect of variables on students’ academic performance, t, f and Pearson correlation coefficient were used, respectively, and the findings showed that the most common use of SNSs among students is related to communicating with friends and family. There is a significant difference between the educational use of these networks by male and female students and also between students of different educational levels, but no significant difference was observed between different disciplines. It was also found that the rate of educational use of social networks among students who used these networks for educational purposes, has a positive effect on their academic performance, so it is suggested that educational administrators and planners as well as university professors pay more attention to the inclusion of these media in the curriculum.

This study investigated the effectiveness of blended learning based on virtual social networks with a social constructivist approach on students' academic self-efficacy and academic achievement. The statistical population included students of Farhangian University in 2019-2020, 75 of whom were selected by available sampling method from Shahid Hasheminejad Campus in Mashhad and were randomly divided into three groups of 25 people. The research method was quasi-experimental and required information were collected by academic achievement test and owen and Faraman's academic self-efficacy questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS24 software. The results investigated that students of blended learning had higher academic achievement compared to the other two groups. Also, there is no significant difference between the academic self-efficacy of students with blended learning and face-to-face education, and students participating in blended learning had higher academic self-efficacy than students with social networks-based education. Accordingly, the use of blended learning based on social networks is suggested as a suitable educational method in university education.

The ethical actions are important because of the priority of the mission goal and their close relationship with social progress and development. Therefore, the purpose of this research is the identification and social analysis of these types of actions among the verses of revelation and it deals with the effect of ethical actions in the production of social capital in the process of progress based on religious teachings and answers these questions based on the Quranic teachings. What impact do ethical actions (behavior) have on the formation of social progress? How do moral actions generate social capital and influence progress (development)? What coordinates, examples and dimensions does this group of actions have? What are the effects and consequences of this group of actions? Those actions that are desirable and progressive in the development of social interactions have been socially studied, analyzed and searched by using the inductive content analysis method. Honesty, trustworthiness and fulfillment of an obligation, altruism (Arabic: إیثار, self-sacrifice), asking forgiveness or istighfār (Arabic: استغفار ʾistiġfār), and forgiving others, kindness, non-violence, chastity and purity, patience and honesty and benevolent actions combined with social supervision have been discussed, which lead to sincerity, togetherness, coherence and expansion of social interactions and emotional relationships far from hatred and warm and emotional relationships and as a result, it causes the production of social capital and its improvement and will lead to the density of actions focused on purpose and excellence that are necessary for progress.